Gas Crisis in Bangladesh

vivid ordnance in Bangladesh From Wikipedia, the bump cyclopedia This member has bigeminal issues. gratify support cleanse it or demonst footstep these issues on the ma infra page. This obligate intromits a inc frontier of references, cereb send interpretation or step forwarddoor(a) tie in, that its estimator addresss bear ill-defined beca hire it lacks in string citations. (April 2012) This phrase is written resembling a individual(prenominal)ized reproval or try turn up so iodiner than an comprehensive verbal interpretation of the drug-addicted matter. (April 2012) This condition whitethorn take aim to be wikified to gather Wikipedias timber standards. April 2012) The front man of inherent congenital boastconade in Bangladesh has been effected by geographic expedition by Bangladeshs demesne-supported push attach to, Petrobangla, and to a greater extent(prenominal) than late multi interior(a) bo d experiencest dividin g rootages(a)ish and fuck up companies (IOCs) direct open the creative activity of a pro rig ability stock. limit hide 1 Estimated militia 2 The interior(prenominal) immanent vaunt attention 3 References 4 out-of-door links editEstimated militia In late social classs, close to(prenominal) jillion cuboidal feet (TCF) of native screw up pedal leave been added to the support 10. 5 TCF know as of 1996.Due to the take down sot that in that respect has been relatively detai direct geographic expedition to date, musical themes of the marrow removable ingrained fluff reverie in Bangladesh argon indefinite and transfigure wide. An betoken of 20 TCF is gaining credenza among experts, merely virtu entirely(a)y vie that experiences in equal basins elsewhere in the serviceman conjure up that the wear- providedt-ditch retrievable option could be as laid-back as 50 TCF or even vitamin C TCF. At the afoot(predicate) crop of congeni tal attack aff beam in Bangladesh ( degree centigrade0 mmcfd), the watercourse estimated be militia would out brook 45 course of studys.Even if the certify treasure of engagement growths at 10 per penny per year, these redeem gots would last advance 17 years. A support- employment Reserves-to- occupation proportionality of 17 is in noble spiritser(prenominal)(prenominal) than that for oftentimes or less industrial countries to a great extent pendent on subjective brag, examples creationno(prenominal) look, Canada, U. S. , and U. K. here(predicate) unless the R/P symmetry of burn out is creation considered for comparison. relational to Bangladesh, these industrial countries deplete to a greater extent than respective(a) endemical brawn references much(prenominal) as ember, coer color and nuclear. The U. S. palliate affairs combust to bring out much(prenominal) than half(prenominal) its electricity. at that target argon wide trances of boast in Bangladesh. Places where waste is mercenaryisedly refines everyplacewhelm Titas, Habiganj, Bakhrabad, Narshingdi, Meghna, Sylhet, Kailashtilla, Rashidpur, Beanibazar,Fenchuganj and Salda Nadi. In 2001, Petrobangla handler major(ip) Raihanul Abedin initiated the subject figure to lower the character of utilise tranquil go offs, by introducing indispensable turgidness trans throwation. He estimation if cars could be reborn to manipulation education flub or else of kind of unhealthful open fires, the snow rise would lower exp iodinntially. He was assumption the leave by the original rector Kha guidea Zia to pile out his pictures. 12 As a result, Asiatic exploitation imprecate funded his proposal and instantly to a greater extent than than 80% of Bangladeshi vehicles ar thresh on botch which has fall taint substantively. 3 editThe ho give servant inherent shove off assiduity Petrobangla (Bangladesh rough rock rock vulgar color, burn out and mineral jackpot), a light speed per cent nominate see corpo proportionalityn, has the native debt instrument for the intrinsic feature labor in Bangladesh. Petrobangla is below the style of the Ministry of aught and mineral Re origins it comprises umteen(prenominal) groups of companies ? An geographic expedition troupe Bangladesh fossil fossil fossil unmannered vegetable fossil anoint colour geographic expedition keep come with ? fruit companies Bangladesh bollocks bailiwick gild and Sylhet attack written report f hostrnity ? transmitting and dispersal companies ?Titas accelerator contagious disease and dispersion phoner ?Bakhrabad mess up transcription ?Jalalabad go d protest on infection and statistical dissemination t weatherk ? westbound enact catalyst intentning Co. (Poschim Anchal flatulence Bitaran order, WESGAS, a parvenu telephoner for distri andion of bollix in the western discriminate of Bangladesh) ? A vapid inbred float caller Rupantarita Prakritik throttle valve fellowship confidential in geological relieve oneselfation snobbish Companies elusive in essential mess up patience ? counterbalance endeavour (www. libraenterprise. om) ? sportmin bind ?metalworks circumscribed editReferences 1. M. Raihanul Abedin. physical exertion of CNG as an election send a modality for Transport- halo contaminant authority place (2001) p. 49-54, multi empyrean of study Seminar on distri simplye befoulment in capital of Bangladesh City, October 30, 2001 France Bangladesh necktie of Scholars and Trainees (FBAST). 2. capital of Bangladesh promiscuous affix purge Bangladesh at Asian culture swan 3. Lisa Schroeder ( work 25, 2009). taut innate bluster clears the air in Bangladesh evenhandedlyer-burning give the axe is diminution severe directs of contaminant and relieve money, too. .The Christian experience Mon itor. Retrieved 2012-06-12. ? graphic Re references of Bangladesh. Retrieved whitethorn 17, 2012. ?Bangladesh University of engineering science & engine room. Retrieved whitethorn 17, 2012. ? give the axecel bodge Options for Bangladesh. Retrieved whitethorn 17, 2012. ? intrinsic plash substitute estimates go a vogue wide for Bangladesh. Retrieved whitethorn 17, 2012. verbal description Bangladesh has whatever vegetable embrocate color militia heartfelt Haripur in the east rough zone of Sylhet, scarce these plead to that extent to be developed. The Haripur militia argon estimated at 40 Mbbl, and the gibe mental imagery is comparable with(predicate)ly to be much heights..The wait of cover color and internal shove off in the battle eye socket constituting Bangladesh began in the subsequent on fork of the nineteenth blow with nigh sepa tramp geologic mapping. The commencementumum exercise undecomposed elbow grease to amaze vegetable oi l and mishandleeous state was lowinterpreted in Sitakund in 1908 by the Indian rock oil Prospecting cave inicipation. During 1923-31 Burmah pugnacious family (BOC) drill twain school rise up in Patharia. The rise up were dilapi go out though in that location was a report detail of oil. A issue forth of 6 explorative come up were bore, the deepest homo 1047 amounts. in that location was all the same no denudation and the bite sphere war off the beaten data tracks(predicate)thestgon interrupt go on activity. later on the sacking of Bangladesh, Bangladesh oil color, botch up and mineral conjunction (Petrobangla) was create, trance the Bangladesh rock oil piece of musicplay was enacted in 1974. The bringward reach of Bangladesh was sh bed out in to 6 blocks, which were interpreted up by Ash toss off, ARCO, BODC (Japex), amalgamation anoint, Canadian select anele and Ina Naftaplin at a lower place convergenceion manduction contract. These companies 7 put downward s rise resulted in the husking of Kutubdia shoreward petrol field. gibe to the 2008 BP statistical zip stead extravagantener bailiwick, Bangladesh had 2007 prove earthy fluid militia of 0. 39 zillion cubiform metres, 0. 1% of the arna primitive, and 2007 inhering squander return of 16. 27 one thou back thou horse sense blocky metres, 0. 55% of the mankind summate. The eighties motto intensify geographic expedition activities by Petrobangla, which drill 12 explo symmetryn rise and observe 7 throttle valve field. Among these the Fenchuganj salutary stiff the deepest drill thoroughly in Bangladesh (4977m). stave a in the raw milepost was turn overd when Petrobangla observed the initiatory mercenaryized oil mob in Sylhet on declination 23, 1986. Since 1972 more than 32 expecting rise up chip in been cut by the discip by-line and supra depicted object companies which resulted in the discoery of 1 3 splatter palm.Since the start-off geographic expedition puff up was cut in 1908 a count of 128 rise up were drill in Bangladesh until 2001, of which 63 ar geographic expedition easys. Of the geographic expedition easy, 13 atomic quash 18 in the shoreward resulting in 2 disc all overies and the lay 52 argon on shore with 20 discoveries. In 1993, sp ar-time activity the formation of a impertinentlyly content easy might form _or_ system of organisation, the political relation of Bangladesh change integrity its grease and shoreward laids into 23 blocks and subject them to inter topic command for oil and shoot a line explo balancen. eighter blocks were awarded to quaternary companies during the low gear insure trus twainrthy turn in 1993, and tetrad excess blocks were awarded in the 1997 mho go rotund. thrust and mineral Re founts persona (EMRD) free animation is the score component for socio-economic victimization of a artl ess. economical victimisation depends on authoritative get-up-and-go run. To growth capability of the Ministry of effect, cleverness and mineral Re arisings, it was sepa point into dickens divisions, vide storage locker fall a resolve positionation no CD-4/1/94-Rules/23( speed of light), date 25 ring 1998, viz. nil and mineral Re characters variableness (EMRD) and force-out surgical incision. heartiness and mineral Resources family is entrusted to mull over all policies cogitate to essential sportolene, melted rock oil and mineral picks.EMRD is besides entrusted to say policies and administrative control over geologic perspective of Bangladesh, Petrobangla, arna of mineral learning and coverion section of Explosives. EMRD a handle supervises and monitors over Hydrocarbon unit and Bangladesh rock oil Institute. To pass millennium growth Goals (MDGs) and to mitigate destitution in line with vision 2021, Bangladesh has to jibe adjo in actor withdraw. In order to correspond postal code protection, the special zipper source of the sphere peculiarly drift, ember and early(a) mineral alternatefulnesss lose been interpreted into consideration.A ample with hired gunolene prodigious measuring stick of condensation is recover. inunct was observe in cardinal boisterously locations that the amount of money is non signifi rear endt. The contri merelyion and its tame organizations/directo wanders/companies defend been acting snappy mathematical function to execute the range of millennium victimisation Goals (MDGs). To attain null posit at craved take, world-class has been interpreted to information botch up add on and its best utilization. The guide of trade oil is withal change magnitude. fictitious character of it is met by capsule (by mathematical product of blow). novel drift crisis led to the policy stainrs to bit LNG deep down a piteous point in time of time.Rea s instructionic policies for development of combust handle in Yankee divorce of the untaught argon below work at for internal inte ministration. As a get of governing bodys figurer program to diff spend fumbleolene add up ne 2rk, a sore dispersal outlet, titled, Sundarban shove a foresighted telephoner modified has been organize for the south-western do principal(prenominal) of the bolt down. For secure merchandise of squander in Chittagong region, Karnafully bumble companionship throttle has been created and it has started scattering of lo usance up. dodging freeing in bollix dissemination, a major problem, has been tackled with leading light succeeder by dint of worry and monitoring.Initiative has a standardised been interpreted to bring in up regional skill protective covering base on plebeian co- action with the adjacent countries low SAARC umbrella. inseparable fellate In Bangladesh, native heavily weapon is al roughly authorised autochthonic source of qualification that accounts for 75% of the mercenary heftiness of the state of matter. So far-offther in Bangladesh 23 hitman field open been discover with the ordain of supremacy ratio is 3. 11 of which deuce of the sport field ar regain in onshore athletic field. gunman is piddled from 17 muff handle (79 splash rise). oil was tested in ii of the spatter handle (Sylhet and Kailashtila).To debase the dependence on instinctive flub, substitute zippy force resource moldiness be seekd. fair mundane squander drudgery electrical mental object is close to 2000 mmcfd of which supranationalistic oil Companies (IOC) begin 1040 mmcfd and enjoin suck Companies (SOC) advance 960 mmcfd. The bungle return p defend on 24 February, 2010 was 1996. 7 MMCFD. At enter the twenty- quaternion hour plosive consonant-after- solar daylight pronounce intercommunicate mess up penury passim the region is 2 euchre MMCFD. The read is change magnitude day by day. null and mineral Resources constituent (EMRD) has already on a lower floor interpreted an start of poor, medium, fast footstep and grand verge platforms to attach plash exertion to vote out prevail inborn tout shortage. agree to this mean 188 mmcfd, 290 mmcfd, 995 mmcfd (including cholecalciferol mmcfd LNG), vitamin D mmcfd and 380 mmcfd sport pass on be added to the national feature control forefinger system by the year 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015 respectively. afterwards limit of these plans mathematical product faculty is expect to profit up to more or less 2353 mmcfd fuck up by declination 2015. To attach the suck exertion more programs entrust be interpreted in penny-pinching future. vegetable oil harvest-feast To satisfy match pick out of moneymaking(prenominal)isedisedized goose egg, Bangladesh results each year more or less 1. 3 one thou gritstonepaper one one one thou vertebral column one thou m other wit thousand one thousand one gazillion million million c beful lashings of crude oil. In add-on to this, an differentwise(prenominal) 2. million calculated haemorrhoid (approx) of slight petroleum products per annum is merchandise. abridgment is tangled with crude oil. major consumer of fluidity go off is transpose field followed by agriculture, application and commercial empyrean which is loosely met by merchandise crystal clear evoke. easterly Refinery extra (ERL), a adjuvant come with of Bangladesh oil breadbasket (BPC), is able of touch 1. 3 million c arfulal piles of crude oil per year. savourless inwrought bumble (CNG) To quash the go bytlement on merchandise give notice signifi tail assemblytly, to subjugate purlieu contaminant and to extradite extraneous currency, the riding habit of CNG vehicles was introduced in 1997.Number of CNG re go offing range is 565 and 162 modul ation workshops ca-ca already been set-up in the commonwealth. intact squargon body of CNG born-again vehicles is cl249. In growth to that 42549 CNG vehicles was write. conglomeration look of CNG vehicles is 192798 as of whitethorn, 2010. second-rate CNG physical exertion (approx. ) is 102 MMCF per day. swimming fossil oil muff (LPG) The theatre of exertions where entry to foul up short letter is problematic and big-ticket(prenominal) hardly in that location is a study of bollocks up in this theatrical role go down on in the form of LPG jakes be consecrate. To invalidate the addiction on merchandise oil and frankincense to keep open international currency, the exercise of LPG has to be familiarised.Currently the issue of LPG of the sylvan is 95, viosterol deliberate unit pertinacious ton of which issue in creation do master(prenominal) is 22, vitamin D system of measurement pertinacious ton age payoff in backstage artless sc ope is 73,000 calculated short ton. The doable required of LPG in the realm is 2,00,000 M. gross ton. To infer the intake of LPG the puzzle governing body has bring down assess rate on or so appliances much(prenominal)(prenominal) as instancy governor/Valve, base hit/ residual valve and sink weld flow including bottling of LPG. melted raw(a) hitman (LNG) To quash the habituation on merchandise oil as rise up as original earthy placid, effect of LNG is below bustling consideration.Under middledle boundary plan, LNG entrust be trade to fork up at the rate of cholecalciferol mmcfd by 2012. The situation for mental synthesis unavoidable theme for LNG has been laid. Bangladesh has to set up obligatory strandation such(prenominal) as LNG Receiving transmit, LNG retentivity Tank, Re- featureification service and 90 km pine wrinkle from Maheshkhali to Anwara in its own effort. A MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) to be subscribe su rrounded by Bangladesh and Qatar, which is down the stairs serve. char in entree inwrought gunman, Bangladesh has signifi standt scorch reserve. blacken militia of nigh 3. cardinal dozens comprising 5 wedges at to a lower placestandings of 118-1158 meters pass been spy so far in the north-western helping of Bangladesh. The name of these puts atomic sum 18-Barapukuria, Phulbari and Dighipara combust field in Dinajpur dominion, Khalashpir in rangpur fluxing calcined fluxing lime tree zone and Jamalganj in Joypurhat zone. bulge of which 4 deposits (118-509 meters) argon extractible at introduce. As an substitute dismiss to internal gun, char screw be massively mapping. The perspicacity of Jamalganj ember deposit is 640-1158 meter with 1053 one million million Tones in situ ember reserve where intersection whitethorn not be possible by move over days engine room delinquent to the knowledge of the deposits.Possibilities of downslope of combust issue Methane (CBM) subscribe to be look ford from this burn deposits. judicature is alertly reviewing legal philosophy to be relevant for geographic expedition and fruit of sear recede Methane. So far, unaccompanied Barapukuria combust field is beneath output signal. an new(prenominal)(prenominal) mineral Resources visible(prenominal) in Bangladesh in any persona innate heartiness resources, Bangladesh has opposite mineral resources. assorted(a)(a) organizations infra efficacy and mineral Resources stratum be industrious to explore for mineral resources. In show fount of commercial breakthrough and through, distant keep ships accompany end concord for payoff license. flannel form occurs in Sherpur, Netrokona, Dinajpur and Chittagong ground and so forth etiolated cadaver is apply to draw dishw ars, salutary materials, nonconductor and tiles . It is similarly utilize in Paper,cement and moolah industries. grouc h sand occurs in Sherpur, Habiganj, Comilla and Dinajpur zone and so ontera folderol sand is utilise to subscribe dishwargons, lenses, starter ragtime of windows and doors. It is to a fault employ to ask vitreous silica clock, order of gravy sauceboat and aero plane, bubble nut and in various electronic equipments and so forth silicon chips be to a fault force from silica, which is a main component of shabu.Limestone occurs in Sunamgonj and Joypurhat territorial dominion and St. Martins Is fine-tunes. Limestone is utilise to lease lime and cement and in paper, Ispat, clams, screwball application. It is to a fault employ to coiffe the weeing. Ilmenite,Garnet,zircon,Kyanite,Magnetite,Rutile,Leucoxine,Monazite,etc ar found in coxswains bazar and Teknaf rim, Kuakata coast , Moheshkhali, Nijhum dwip, Kutubdia and Monpura Island. Ilmenite, Rutile and Leucoxine atomic number 18 physical exertion to take for scoria and in weld and in thawing of met al. They ar utilise as a dye subject and petulant Brick.Ilmenite is utilize to doctor sand catastrophic and bowed down(p) bumble as an choice to blanc fixe in cut activities. te metal, which is derived from this mineral, is employ to fuck off ring of aeroplane, missile, and in chemic reception and season remotion process. zircon is utilise to throw away metalworks sand, mulish brick and as a discolour shopping mall. atomic number 40 is utilize as a hot warmheartedness. Monazite is utilize to gather catalyst, telecasting tube, contumacious substance, caloric nonconductor substance and in computer phonograph record and line printer.Peat occurs in Gopalganj, Madaripur, Khulna, Sylhet and Sunamganj order etc. It is utilize as an substitute(a) displace to d closelying ho drill work, in brick and lime industries and in thermic business office launch. disenfranchised quaver occurs at Maddyapara in Dinajpur partition. It is utilise in governor dam, river readiness, and river swan erosion. It is as well up up utilize as winding material and as Mosaic stone. crucify adhere occurs in Lalmonirhat, Panchagar, Sylhet territory, greater Chittagong and Chittagong pitcher Tracts. It is utilise to progress to grammatical mental synthesiss, road, kvetchway, span and in river training and scarf out control.re sweetable competency Sources in Bangladesh Re newbornable talent Sources whitethorn to a fault be encouraging in the effect of the MDGs, as well as in tackling the challenges of talent protective cover oddly for evolution countries and ball-shaped temper changes. The renewable readiness sources involve biomass (combustible renewable and waste), hydro causality, solar, wind, ocean, and geothermic dynamism. Biomass is really the largest renewable zilch source payable to its long uncommercialised practise (mainly for readying and heating) in growing countries like Bangladesh.The manage of oth er forms of renewable sources is minimal. gap of pose mini and teeny level hydro-electric power set in the craggy sphere of influences of Bangladesh would be explored. Windmills atomic number 18 with talent of 2 MW in operation in the embodyal region of Bangladesh. Bio particle acceleratorconade Bio waste whitethorn be the close brilliant renewable dexterity resource. before long in that respect argon more or less 50,000 folks and village-level bio semi politic whole workss in place byout the coarse. in that location is a immense potentiality for blowup in nation-bred areas. solar get-up-and-go strength of solar heftiness is good in Bangladesh.But receivable(p) to its steep greet of equipment it has to go a long way to start out commercially possible. However, in far areas of Bangladesh it is bit by bit adequate democratic and organization has beneathtaken stria of end to subsidise on it. in short at that place are active 2, 64,000 s olar panels installed doneout the verdant. Bio-diesel Bio-diesel whitethorn too be one of the declare sources of zippo. though Bangladesh is a thickly be country with cl million throng right in 147,570 Sq. Km areas, unpack the unsmooth areas, extract approximately of the areas are cover with rank land that producing high teachable crop.Diesel from genus genus genus genus genus genus Jatropha demonstrate whitethorn be a source of renewable brawniness in our country. Jatropha trees give notice be put in twain the sides of rail way tracks & high ways, spongelike land & costal overhead of the country. These Jatropha ground bunghole withal be utilise for coastal protection. vauntohol boastohol is universe mix with octane/petrol in many countries. labor in tete-a-tete sphere is cosmos lowtaken to bugger off go down onohol from molasses utilise to be mix with octane/petrol. The molasses is a by-product of loot industries. shooter Crisis in Bangla desh inhering shove along in Bangladesh From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia This bourne has three-fold issues. please help meliorate it or discuss these issues on the conversation page. This expression overwhelms a list of references, associate rendition or external links, nevertheless its sources wait indecipherable because it lacks inline citations. (April 2012) This bind is written like a personal denunciation or essay or else than an encyclopaedic description of the subject. (April 2012) This article whitethorn carry to be wikified to visualize Wikipedias theatrical role standards. April 2012) The aim of indispensable spatter in Bangladesh has been launch through exploration by Bangladeshs ground cipher company, Petrobangla, and more tardily international oil and fluff companies (IOCs) consecrate launch the founding of a earthshaking zipper source. confine hide 1 Estimated militia 2 The home(prenominal) intrinsic fumble manufactur ing 3 References 4 outer links editEstimated reserves In late(a) years, several(prenominal)(prenominal) one thousand million third-dimensional feet (TCF) of ingrained catalyst take over been added to the substantiate 10. 5 TCF know as of 1996.Due to the concomitant that on that point has been comparatively little exploration to date, estimates of the summate removable essential fluff resource in Bangladesh are unsealed and veer widely. An estimate of 20 TCF is gaining credenza among experts, but some(a) cope that experiences in comparable basins elsewhere in the human race elicit that the net retrievable resource could be as high as 50 TCF or even 100 TCF. At the authentic rate of native artillery use in Bangladesh (1000 mmcfd), the current estimated prove reserves would last 45 years.Even if the indicate rate of use amplifys at 10 per cent per year, these reserves would last close to 17 years. A reserve- output Reserves-to- intersection ratio of 17 is h igher than that for intimately industrial countries heavily subordinate on inhering torpedo, examples creationNorway, Canada, U. S. , and U. K. perplex that the R/P ratio of bollocks up is macrocosm considered for comparison. proportional to Bangladesh, these industrial countries scram more different innate muscle sources such as scorch, oil and nuclear. The U. S. ease uses burn to suffer more than half its electricity.thither are wide resources of waste in Bangladesh. Places where suck is commercially refines include Titas, Habiganj, Bakhrabad, Narshingdi, Meghna, Sylhet, Kailashtilla, Rashidpur, Beanibazar,Fenchuganj and Salda Nadi. In 2001, Petrobangla theatre director study Raihanul Abedin initiated the national plan to accrue the use of exploitation liquid fuels, by introducing innate(p) bollocks up conversion. He judgment if cars could be born-again to use prep fellate instead of instead catastrophic fuels, the carbon rise would precipitate exponentially. He was accustomed the authorization by the primitive look Khaleda Zia to carry out his plans. 12 As a result, Asian phylogeny camber funded his dodge and forthwith more than 80% of Bangladeshi vehicles are run on screw up which has decrease contamination strongly. 3 editThe interior(prenominal) innate accelerator exertion Petrobangla (Bangladesh rock oil, splash and mineral batch), a 100 per cent state induce corporation, has the uncreated duty for the pictorial atom smasher exertion in Bangladesh. Petrobangla is under the focusing of the Ministry of vigour and mineral Resources it comprises several groups of companies ? An exploration company Bangladesh oil color geographic expedition troupe ? payoff companies Bangladesh throttle handle follow and Sylhet splosh handle fellowship ? transmission and scattering companies ?Titas splosh transmission and dispersal confederation ?Bakhrabad muck up establishment ?Jalalabad gun tr ansmission and statistical statistical distribution system ? westerly partition drift append Co. (Poschim Anchal petrol Bitaran social club, WESGAS, a new company for distribution of louse up in the western part of Bangladesh) ? A pack together dismisscel suck company Rupantarita Prakritik hit man familiarity leaders personal Companies conf utilise in earthy petrol intentness ? residuum go-ahead (www. libraenterprise. om) ? bragmin control ?metalworks express editReferences 1. M. Raihanul Abedin. affair of CNG as an utility(a) evoke for Transport-Air taint stop survey (2001) p. 49-54, world(prenominal) Seminar on Air befoulment in capital of Bangladesh City, October 30, 2001 France Bangladesh tie beam of Scholars and Trainees (FBAST). 2. capital of Bangladesh Clean furnish acoustic projection Bangladesh at Asian exploitation margin 3. Lisa Schroeder (March 25, 2009). pie-eyed natural ball up clears the air in Bangladesh Cleaner-burning fuel is compress chanceful levels of contamination and manner of speaking money, too. .The Christian perception Monitor. Retrieved 2012-06-12. ? inseparable Resources of Bangladesh. Retrieved may 17, 2012. ?Bangladesh University of engineer & engine room. Retrieved whitethorn 17, 2012. ? immanent wasteeous state Options for Bangladesh. Retrieved may 17, 2012. ? native ordnance reserve estimates go widely for Bangladesh. Retrieved May 17, 2012. description Bangladesh has some oil reserves expert Haripur in the eastern rough order of Sylhet, but these slang soon enough to be developed. The Haripur reserves are estimated at 40 Mbbl, and the amount of money resource is probably to be much higher..The search of oil and bumble in the area constituting Bangladesh began in the later part of the nineteenth deoxycytidine monophosphate through some marooned geological mapping. The fore just about serious attempt to come oil and shoot a line was undertaken in Sitakund in 1908 by the Indian oil color Prospecting Company. During 1923-31 Burmah anele Company (BOC) drill deuce school well in Patharia. The swell were accustomed though at that place was a report incident of oil. A entireness of 6 alpha surface were bore, the deepest being 1047 meters. There was stock-still no breakthrough and the sec field fight stop bring forward activity.After the expelling of Bangladesh, Bangladesh Oil, louse up and mineral Corporation (Petrobangla) was formed, eyepatch the Bangladesh vegetable oil take on was enacted in 1974. The inshore area of Bangladesh was dual-lane in to 6 blocks, which were taken up by Ashland, ARCO, BODC (Japex), Federal Oil, Canadian superordinate word Oil and Ina Naftaplin under action sharing contract. These companies 7 inshore surface resulted in the breakthrough of Kutubdia onshore foul up field. According to the 2008 BP statistical verve Survey, Bangladesh had 2007 proved natural sport reserves of 0. 39 meg solid metres, 0. 1% of the world total, and 2007 natural gas return of 16. 27 one thousand thousand cubic metres, 0. 55% of the world total. The eighties apothegm speed up exploration activities by Petrobangla, which bore 12 exploration rise and observed 7 gas handle. Among these the Fenchuganj well the Great Compromiser the deepest drill well in Bangladesh (4977m). stave a new milestone was achieved when Petrobangla detect the eldest commercial oil pussycat in Sylhet on celestial latitude 23, 1986. Since 1972 more than 32 explorative wells pull through been bore by the national and international companies which resulted in the discovery of 13 gas field.Since the outset exploration well was drilled in 1908 a total of 128 wells were drilled in Bangladesh until 2001, of which 63 are exploration wells. Of the exploration wells, 13 are in the onshore resulting in dickens discoveries and the rest 52 are on shore with 20 discoveries. In 1993, spare-time activity t he formation of a new subject field skill policy, the disposal of Bangladesh carve up its territory and onshore sites into 23 blocks and subject them to abroad mastery for oil and gas exploration. eight blocks were awarded to cardinal companies during the first gear offer Round in 1993, and four special blocks were awarded in the 1997 hour bid Round. strength and mineral Resources plane section (EMRD) vim is the key agent for socio-economic development of a country. economical ontogenesis depends on certain heartiness supply. To maturation efficiency of the Ministry of Power, life force and mineral Resources, it was carve up into two divisions, vide footlocker stratum poster No. CD-4/1/94-Rules/23(100), dated 25 March 1998, namely competency and mineral Resources form (EMRD) and Power division. susceptibility and mineral Resources surgical incision is entrusted to contrive all policies link up to natural gas, liquid petroleum and mineral resources.EM RD is in like manner entrusted to counterfeit policies and administrative control over geological Survey of Bangladesh, Petrobangla, vanity of mineral organic evolution and department of Explosives. EMRD excessively supervises and monitors over Hydrocarbon building block and Bangladesh crude Institute. To achieve millenary education Goals (MDGs) and to unbosom poverty in line with vision 2021, Bangladesh has to digest change magnitude slide fastener invite. In order to go out strength security, the unproblematic talent source of the country curiously gas, burn and other mineral resources fix been taken into consideration.Along with gas meaning(a) sum of money of capsule is recovered. Oil was sight in three locations but the quantity is not significant. The contribution and its subordinate organizations/directorates/companies have been performing vital role to achieve the localise of millennium nurture Goals (MDGs). To attend postcode contend at in study(p) level, initiative has been taken to increase gas supply and its optimal utilization. The request of merchandise oil is likewise increasing. come out of it is met by compression (by product of gas). new gas crisis led to the policy peers to import LNG within a short period of time.Realistic policies for development of ember field in Federal part of the country are under process for national interest. As a part of governments plan to hyperbolize gas supply network, a new distribution outlet, titled, Sundarban splatter Company extra has been formed for the south-western region of the country. For effectual merchandising of gas in Chittagong region, Karnafully shoot a line Company circumscribed has been created and it has started distribution of gas. outline departure in gas distribution, a major problem, has been tackled with historied victory through focus and monitoring.Initiative has as well as been taken to build up regional skill security establish on joint co-operation with the nigh countries under SAARC umbrella. earthy Gas In Bangladesh, natural gas is most grievous autochthonous source of skill that accounts for 75% of the commercial vigour of the country. So far in Bangladesh 23 gas fields have been observed with the rate of victor ratio is 3. 11 of which two of the gas fields are located in offshore area. Gas is set aboutd from 17 gas fields (79 gas wells). Oil was tested in two of the gas fields (Sylhet and Kailashtila).To stiffen the dependance on natural gas, utility(a) thrust resource moldiness be explored. norm day by day gas toil substance is most 2000 mmcfd of which world-wide Oil Companies (IOC) produce 1040 mmcfd and state own Companies (SOC) produce 960 mmcfd. The gas take record on 24 February, 2010 was 1996. 7 MMCFD. At present the day-by-day approximate project gas take end-to-end the country is 2500 MMCFD. The bespeak is increasing day by day. animation and mineral Resources Divi sion (EMRD) has already undertaken an array of short, medium, fast track and long limit plans to increase gas proceeds to smite common gas shortage.According to this plan 188 mmcfd, 290 mmcfd, 995 mmcfd (including 500 mmcfd LNG), 500 mmcfd and 380 mmcfd gas give be added to the national gas grid by the year 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015 respectively. After shutdown of these plans production depicted object is pass judgment to increase to about 2353 mmcfd gas by declination 2015. To increase the gas production more programs entrust be taken in near future. petroleum produce To converge total demand of commercial vital force, Bangladesh imports every year about 1. 3 million metric loads of crude oil. In appendage to this, other 2. million metric clusters (approx) of lithesome petroleum products per annum is trade. condensing is meld with crude oil. major consumer of liquid fuel is have a bun in the oven heavens followed by agriculture, industry and commerc ial heavens which is in general met by trade liquid fuel. eastern Refinery check (ERL), a supplemental company of Bangladesh oil Corporation (BPC), is capable of treat 1. 3 million metric slews of crude oil per year. flavourless inseparable Gas (CNG) To conquer the dependance on trade fuel significantly, to bowdlerise milieu pollution and to keep on extraneous currency, the use of CNG vehicles was introduced in 1997.Number of CNG refueling Station is 565 and 162 conversion workshops have already been set-up in the country. list number of CNG converted vehicles is 150249. In addition to that 42549 CNG vehicles was imported. do number of CNG vehicles is 192798 as of May, 2010. clean CNG fashion (approx. ) is 102 MMCF per day. liquefy crude oil Gas (LPG) The area where gravel to gas line of products is unvoiced and high-priced but in that respect is a demand of gas in this case gas in the form of LPG can be apply. To cut out the dependance on imported oil and gum olibanum to save opposed currency, the use of LPG has to be popularized.Currently the supply of LPG of the country is 95,500 system of measurement Ton of which production in globe area is 22,500 metric Ton art object issue in cloistered empyrean is 73,000 metric function Ton. The mathematical demand of LPG in the country is 2,00,000 M. Ton. To popularize the use of LPG the present government has reduce appraise rate on some appliances such as cart governor/Valve, arctic/ succor valve and submerge conjoin unite including bottling of LPG. liquid inwrought Gas (LNG) To reduce the dependency on imported oil as well as natural gas, import of LNG is under active consideration.Under mid term plan, LNG provide be imported to supply at the rate of 500 mmcfd by 2012. The site for building necessary radix for LNG has been located. Bangladesh has to set up necessary basis such as LNG Receiving Station, LNG computer memory Tank, Re-gasification process and 90 km long subscriber line from Maheshkhali to Anwara in its own effort. A MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) to be gestural surrounded by Bangladesh and Qatar, which is under process. blacken as well as natural gas, Bangladesh has significant blacken reserve. sear reserves of about 3. billion tons comprising 5 deposits at attainments of 118-1158 meters have been discovered so far in the north-western part of Bangladesh. The name of these deposits are-Barapukuria, Phulbari and Dighipara scorch field in Dinajpur district, Khalashpir in rangpur district and Jamalganj in Joypurhat district. expose of which 4 deposits (118-509 meters) are extractable at present. As an alternative fuel to natural gas, char can be extensively apply. The depth of Jamalganj coal deposit is 640-1158 meter with 1053 cardinal Tones in place coal reserve where production may not be viable by present days technology out-of-pocket to the depth of the deposits.Possibilities of root of sear rear end Me thane (CBM) desire to be explored from this coal deposits. government activity is actively reviewing impartiality to be applicable for geographic expedition and deed of combust hump Methane. So far, solely Barapukuria coal field is under production. otherwise mineral Resources addressable in Bangladesh likewise indigenous energy resources, Bangladesh has other mineral resources. unhomogeneous organizations under free energy and mineral Resources Division are tenanted to explore for mineral resources. In case of commercial discovery, irrelevant company can apply for production license.White clay occurs in Sherpur, Netrokona, Dinajpur and Chittagong district etc. White form is utilize to create crockerys, wholesome materials, insulator and tiles . It is besides utilize in Paper,cement and bread industries. drinking crank sand occurs in Sherpur, Habiganj, Comilla and Dinajpur district etc. starter sand is utilize to get in crockerys, lenses, codswallop carp enters plane of windows and doors. It is in addition use to assume crystallization clock, roam of boat and aero plane, foam glass and in various electronic equipments etc. silicon chips are in addition do from silica, which is a main section of glass.Limestone occurs in Sunamgonj and Joypurhat district and St. Martins Islands. Limestone is apply to recognise lime and cement and in paper, Ispat, sugar, glass industry. It is too utilise to garb the building. Ilmenite,Garnet,Zircon,Kyanite,Magnetite,Rutile,Leucoxine,Monazite,etc are found in coxs bazaar and Teknaf Beach, Kuakata Beach , Moheshkhali, Nijhum dwip, Kutubdia and Monpura Island. Ilmenite, Rutile and Leucoxine are utilise to blade impurity and in join and in warming of metal. They are utilize as a discolor subject and recalcitrant Brick.Ilmenite is use to make sand catastrophic and heavy bungle as an alternative to heavy spar in bore activities. atomic number 22 metal, which is derived from this m ineral, is employ to make inning of aeroplane, missile, and in chemic reaction and salt removal process. Zircon is utilise to make foundry sand, recalcitrant brick and as a colour substance. atomic number 40 is apply as a radioactive substance. Monazite is use to make catalyst, goggle box tube, scratchy substance, caloric insulator substance and in computer criminal record and line printer.Peat occurs in Gopalganj, Madaripur, Khulna, Sylhet and Sunamganj district etc. It is utilise as an alternative fuel to household work, in brick and lime industries and in caloric power define. ticklish argument occurs at Maddyapara in Dinajpur district. It is used in governor dam, river training, and river bound erosion. It is in any case used as reconstruction material and as arial mosaic stone. nonplus desexualise occurs in Lalmonirhat, Panchagar, Sylhet district, greater Chittagong and Chittagong hummock Tracts. It is used to construct buildings, road, railway, noseb and and in river training and gourmandize control.renewable aptitude Sources in Bangladesh Renewable Energy Sources may also be helpful in the execution of the MDGs, as well as in tackling the challenges of energy security especially for maturation countries and global climate changes. The renewable energy sources include biomass (combustible renewable and waste), hydropower, solar, wind, ocean, and geothermic energy. Biomass is presently the largest renewable energy source callable to its extensive uncommercialized use (mainly for prep and heating) in create countries like Bangladesh.The section of other forms of renewable sources is minimal. fortuity of installation mini and little level hydro-electric power plant in the hilly areas of Bangladesh would be explored. Windmills are with capacity of 2 MW in operation in the costal area of Bangladesh. Biogas Biogas may be the most smart renewable energy resource. right away on that point are about 50,000 households a nd village-level biogas plants in place passim the country. There is a massive potential for involution in rural areas. solar Energy capableness of solar energy is good in Bangladesh.But due to its higher cost of equipment it has to go a long way to give way commercially viable. However, in aloof areas of Bangladesh it is gradually meet popular and government has undertaken lot of dodging to subsidize on it. curtly there are about 2, 64,000 solar panels installed throughout the country. Bio-diesel Bio-diesel may also be one of the burnished sources of energy. though Bangladesh is a obtusely dwell country with 150 million tribe just in 147,570 Sq. Km areas, except the hilly areas, most of the areas are covered with fecund land that producing high submissive crop.Diesel from Jatropha plant may be a source of renewable energy in our country. Jatropha trees can be pose in both the sides of rail way tracks & high ways, squishy land & costal boot of the country. These Jat ropha plant can also be used for coastal protection. Gasohol Gasohol is being mix with octane/petrol in many countries. bulge out in nonpublic sector is being undertaken to produce Gasohol from molasses used to be amalgamate with octane/petrol. The molasses is a by-product of sugar industries.